Glycemic Effects of Finger Millet-Based Breakfasts in Adults with Prediabetes: A Randomized Crossover Study

Abstract

Background: A postprandial meal-level approach to lowering postprandial metabolic stress may be provided by a culturally familiar breakfast of millet.
Objective: To compare a finger millet breakfast matched with the available carbohydrate to a refined-rice breakfast conducted using a randomized crossover trial.
Methods: The draft protocol incorporated 42 experimental units or participants of adults aged 30-60 years with prediabetes that was confirmed in the laboratory. The intervention was tested or given on two test visits, separated by 7 days. The key outcome measures included incremental glucose area under the curve, other measures included peak glucose, insulin area under the curve, 2-hour glucose, satiety score. Standardized laboratory, clinical, or food-analysis methods were used, and between-condition effects were tested using two-sided tests at α=0.05.
Results: Finger millet decreased the 2-hour area under the curve of glucose to 178 ± 24 mmol•min/L versus 268 ± 31 mmol•min/L following refined rice (p<0.001). The peak glucose was 7.6 ± 0.7 vs 8.8 ± 0.8 mmol/L and the test meal resulted into an approximate 30.9% increase in integrated satiety but no cases of severe intolerance occurred. Direction and magnitude of the dummy results were internally consistent between primary and secondary endpoints and tolerability or assay-quality standards were acceptable.
Conclusion: The example data indicates that a finger millet breakfast with equal available carbohydrate potential might lead to a significant change in incremental glucose area under the curve by slower starch digestion, increased dietary fiber, and carbohydrate digestion inhibition due to polyphenols. These results are only supposed to be used as a full manuscript-development example and will have to be substituted with ethically generated, independently validated observations prior to scientific submission.