Quantitative Horizons in Pharmacy: A Review of Applied Mathematical Advances (2010–2025)

Abstract

Background: The convergence of applied mathematics and pharmacy has revolutionized approaches to drug development, therapy optimization, and patient-centered care. Mathematical and computational models are increasingly vital in interpreting complex biomedical data and supporting pharmaceutical innovation.
Aims: This review aims to summarize and critically appraise recent developments in the application of applied mathematics to pharmaceutical sciences and pharmacy practice. It explores how mathematical techniques influence drug formulation, pharmacokinetics / pharmacodynamics, clinical trials, and personalized medicine.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using keywords including, Applied Mathematics, pharmacy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug modeling, and personalized medicine. Articles published from 2010 to 2025 were screened for relevance. Key themes and representative studies were identified and synthesized.
Results: Applied Mathematics underpins diverse aspects of pharmacy, including Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics modeling, drug formulation and release kinetics, clinical trial design and statistical analysis, and systems pharmacology and personalized medicine. Emerging trends show a growing reliance on mathematical and data-driven approaches to tackle pharmaceutical challenges.
Conclusions: Applied mathematics provides essential tools for innovation in pharmaceutical sciences and clinical pharmacy practice. Its integration advances drug development, enhances therapeutic outcomes, and enables personalized medicine. Strengthening mathematical-pharmaceutical collaborations will be crucial for the future of precision health care.