Green Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization and in Vivo Anti Diabetic Evaluation of Eugenia Jambolana Mediated Silver Nanoparticles

Abstract

Objective: Current study is designed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the ethanolic seed extract of Eugenia Jambolana through an eco-friendly green synthesis. Characterize the synthesized AgNPs using physicochemical methods, and investigate there in vivo antidiabetic potential in alloxan induced diabetic wistar rats.
Methods: The silver nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using ethanolic seed extract of Eugenia Jambolana by using green synthesis and characterized by particle size, zeta potential, SEM and XRD. Moreover acute oral toxicity was evaluated. In vivo antidiabetic activity was evaluated using an alloxan induced diabetic Wistar rat model. The assessment included monitoring changes in body weight, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, serum creatinine, and key indicators of oxidative stress markers such as reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and. malondialdehyde.
Result: Physicochemical characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of stable AgNPs with crystalline nature, nanoscale particle size and good surface morphology. Acute toxicity studies shown that no mortality at limit dose. Animal studies demonstrated that the oral administration of AgNPs for 21 days significantly reduced FBG levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and serum creatinine levels compared with the diabetic control group along with restoration of body weight and improvement in lipid profile, Furthermore, oxidative stress markers showed significant improvement indicating improved antioxidant status. The antidiabetic efficacy of synthesized AgNPs was comparable to that of standard drug metformin.
Conclusion: The synthesized AgNPs demonstrated potent antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and renoprotective effects, suggesting its potential as an environmentally sustainable nanotherapeutic approach for diabetes management.