A Comparative Study of the Steady-State Phase and the Transition-to-Steady-State Phase in Physiological Variables during Physical Effort in Futsal Players

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the differences between the transition to steady state and the steady state of some physiological variables in futsal players. The researchers were hypothesizing that statistically significant difference would be found between the two phases. Descriptive method was used for the research problem. There were 10 players in the Al Qadisiyah University futsal team as the sample. The experiments were carried out in the halls and laboratories of Al-Qadisiyah University – College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, in the academic year 2025/2026 from 1 November 2025 until 1 December 2026. On the treadmill the Bruce test was used to assess functional variables with the equipment supplied by the Italian company, K5 metabolic analyser. The researcher identified variations for the variables that were measured in the transition-to-steady-state phase with respect to the steady-state phase and created a subset of these variables. The researcher discovered differences in the physiological variables in the transition-to-steady-state and steady-state phases and developed a subset of these variables. The researcher recommended conducting periodic assessments of the physiological and physical variables affecting the players to determine their physical readiness and level of development, as well as conducting similar studies and measuring other physiological and physical variables according to the sporting activity being studied.