Evaluation of Vitamin B12 for Diabetic Kidney Disease in Iraqi Patients

Abstract

Objective: In the US and across the world, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the primary cause of both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), impacting over 40% of those with type 2 diabetes and 30% of those with type 1 diabetes. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is categorised as a macrovascular consequence of diabetes. Research indicates that vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with DKD, whereas elevated vitamin B12 levels may be detrimental for individuals with CKD due to impaired cyanide metabolism.
Material and Method: In a controlled study involving 45 volunteers aged 40 to 75 years, participants were assigned to three groups: controls, diabetics not receiving B12 supplements, and diabetics receiving B12 supplements.
Result: Significant associations were observed between group classification and fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), vitamin B12 levels, and age. However, increasing B12 levels did not significantly influence kidney function.
Conclusion: This outcome may be attributed to the absence of pronounced kidney dysfunction in most participants, the relatively short duration of diabetes, and the limited sample size. Larger studies are required to clarify the relationship between vitamin B12 status and acute kidney complications.