Development and Investigation of a Herbal Extract for Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Wound Healing

Abstract

Grewia asiatica L. leaves were processed and extracted using a hydroalcoholic (70:30 v/v) solution. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, saponins, proteins, and carbohydrates were detected with a yield of 12.46% (w/w). The total flavonoid and phenolic contents, obtained using the Folin–Ciocalteu and AlCl3 assays, respectively, were substantial. The extract providing evidence for robust DPPH radical scavenging activity increasing with  concentration.  The results revealed a substantial anti-inflammatory effect in the bovine serum albumin protein denaturation assay, which was more optimal than that of diclofenac at comparable concentrations. Antimicrobial activity was tested using the agar diffusion method, and the zones of inhibition encompassed a broad spectrum of activity, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa remaining the most resistant, with zones of inhibition of 12.50 ± 0.50 and 12.17 ± 0.29 mm at the concentrations of 200 and 100 mg/mL, respectively. In contrast, other microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, were more susceptible. The polyphenolic antioxidants, anti-inflammatory , and antimicrobial activities observed in G. asiatica leaf extract can excavate probabilities for its use in topical wound healing products, particularly for diabetic and infected wounds.