Proximate, Nutritional, and Phytochemical Content of Several Macrofungi Samples Utilized by the Bunggu Tribe, West Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract

Wild edible macrofungi contain higher protein than vegetables, high fiber, vitamins and minerals, and low fat content. These mushrooms are also rich in various nutrients and bioactive compounds that can be developed into dietary supplements for health. In this study, fourteen species of wild macrofungi collected from various locations in Pasangkayu Regency were analyzed for their proximate composition, nutrients, and phytochemical compounds. The results showed that the highest water content was found in Schizophyllum commune, while the highest protein content was found in the species Volvariella volvaceae, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Picnoporus sanguineus. Furthermore, the highest fat and ash content was also found in the species Volvariella volvaceae, while the highest carbohydrate content was found in the species Termitomyces striatus. The highest P content was found in the species Volvariella volvaceae and Pleurotus ostreatus, while the highest Fe content was found in the species Ganoderma sp, Picnoporus sanguineus, Auricularia auricula-judae, Volvariella volvaceae, and Auricularia polytrica. All macrofungi samples tested contained alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols, while tannins were found in Cookeina speciosa, Lentinus squarrosulus, Picnoporus sanguineus, and Trametes versicolor. Saponins were only detected in Lentinus squarrosulus, Lentinus sp. and Mycena sp., while carbohydrates were only detected in Schizophyllum commune, Picnoporus sanguineus and Ganoderma sp. However, none of the macrofungi samples tested contained steroids, coumarins or carotenoids.