Removal Lead, Nickel and Cadmium by Coelastrella Sp. in Waste Water

Abstract

Three concentrations (10, 20, and 30 ppm) of lead, nickel, and cadmium were used to assess the efficiency of Coelastrella sp. (MH923012) to remove heavy metals from aqueous solution. The experiments were performed under controlled laboratory conditions across different exposure durations. Algal growth was continuously monitored by measuring optical density (O.D.) throughout the study period. The results demonstrated a clear reduction in the concentrations of all tested metals in the treated samples, The removal rate for lead was 100% for all concentrations that represent the highest percentage, and the removal rate for cadmium was 95.7% for the concentration of 30 ppm, while for nickel, 83% represented the highest removal for the concentration of 30 ppm along with noticeable adaptive responses in algal growth. Overall, these findings highlight the strong tolerance of Coelastrella sp. to heavy metals and its effective potential for metal uptake and removal.