Histological Evaluation of Kidney Toxicity induced by Hydrochlorothiazide and its Ameliorative Effect via Royal Jelly Treatment in Albino Rats

Abstract

Royal jelly (RJ), it is a nutrient material which has a milky-whitecolor that secreted by worker bees to feed developing larvae and to provide exclusive nourishment to the queen bee throughout her lifespan, this protein-rich material enables the queen to grow larger, extend her lifespan, and maintain her fertility.  RJ rich with nutrients which have verytherapeutic effects

The purpose of the current study was to assess the effect of this substance (royal jelly) on histological features of kidney in adult male albino rats following a long-term use of popular diuretic medication; Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ).

Thirtyalbino rats and also they are healthy, their weights ranged between 150-200g were employed in this investigation as a model. These rats under study were divided at random into three groups (each group consist of 10subjects). Group 1: Control group, rats received 0.5 ml isotonic saline solution via gavage.

Group 2: rats were givenhydrochlorothiazide (3 mg/kg/day) via gavage group. Group 3: rats treated with hydrochlorothiazide (3 mg/kg/day and RJ (100 mg/kg) for 4 weeks.

The histopathological findings of the animal’s kidney showed marked tubular injury with congestion of intertubular blood vessels and hemorrhage. The lesions were appeared in the corticomedullary junction showed glomerulus mild congestion, and focal necrosis of collecting tubules with cast formation within others.While in the drug-treated animals group administrated later with RJ the histological section showed moderate degeneration and necrosis of proximal convoluted tubules without glomerular deterioration. Normal appearance of Bowman space and blood capillaries mild necrosis was seen in the collecting tubules. Thus, based on the ongoing study can concluded thein vivothe Royal jelly serves as a powerful nephroprotective substance through diminishingthe renal toxicity caused by agents such as HCTZ is mainly facilitated by diminishing oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby averting damage to both tubular and glomerular structures.