Impact of Licorice Extract Concentration and Spray Nozzle Type on Growth, Yield, and Productivity of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)

Abstract

The present study compares and contrasts the agronomic and mechanical responses to two nozzle types (flat fan and hollow conical) and five concentrations of licorice extract (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 ml L⁻¹) applied to coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The analysis of variance revealed that the application of high concentration of extracts significantly improved plant height, plant flower buds and total production. The highest agronomic performance was obtained with the hollow conical nozzle with slightly higher fuel consumption. The results highlight the importance of using mechanical delivery systems and biostimulant levels to optimize them simultaneously to maximize crop production.